Auschwitz concentration camp, Poland
Auschwitz-Birkenau was the largest of Nazi Germany's concentration camps and extermination camps, established in Nazi German occupied Poland. The camp took its German name from the nearby Polish town of Oświęcim. Birkenau, the German translation of pol. Brzezinka (birch tree), refers to a small village nearby, mostly destroyed by the Germans.
Following the German invasion of Poland in September 1939, Oświęcim was annexed by Nazi Germany and renamed Auschwitz, the town's German name.
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Auschwitz refers to a group of concentration and execution camps that were made in the captured Poland by the Nazis at the time of the Second World War. The name Auschwitz was given by the Germans to replace its former name as Oświęcim, which was the town renamed after the invasion of Poland in September 1939. Regarded as among the largest German concentration camps, it comprised of Auschwitz I (main camp); Auschwitz II-Birkenau (execution camp); Auschwitz III-Monowitz, a labor camp; and 45 satellite camps.
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